Guide To Understanding Bone Marrow

Function Of Bone Marrow

Red bone marrow contains specialized cells called hematopoietic stem cells. These cells develop to form several different types of blood cells, including red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Red blood cells transport oxygen and nutrients around the body, and old red blood cells are also broken down by red bone marrow and the liver and spleen. Platelets promote proper blood clot formation, and white blood cells help combat infection. The newly produced blood cells manufactured by red bone marrow enter the bloodstream through special vessels known as sinusoids. Yellow bone marrow contains fats stored in adipocytes (fat cells) and that can be used as a source of energy for the body. Mesenchymal stem cells are present in yellow bone marrow, and these cells can develop into bone, cartilage, muscle cells, and fat cells. Most of an adult's bones contain yellow bone marrow.

Learn about when bone marrow biopsies are recommended next.