What Are The Major Types Of Anemia?

Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle cell anemia occurs when an individual's anemia is the result of a hereditary genetic mutation that causes their body to produce sticky, rigid, non-functional, and misshapen hemoglobin in the red blood cells. The abnormal hemoglobin-containing red blood cells in these individuals are called sickle cells because of the odd shape they take. The body of an affected individual makes many sickle cells that do not function in the place of healthy red blood cells, causing anemia. Symptoms that may be isolated to the sickle cell variation of anemia include periodic or frequent episodes of pain in the abdomen, joints, and chest, retinal damage that causes vision problems, swelling of the feet and hands, and growth delays. The only possible way to cure a patient's sickle cell anemia is through a bone marrow transplant. Otherwise, treatment for the condition focuses on the prevention of complications, relief of symptoms, and avoidance of crises. Medications can be used to alleviate pain and prevent infection, while frequent blood transfusions can be utilized to keep the patient stable and prevent life-threatening complications.

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